1^st session

2^nd session

3^rd session

4^th session

Challenges in the diagnosis & management of HTN

• Blood Pressure Variability (Fluctuation):
  • Labile hypertension
  • Pseudo-pheochromocytoma
  • Acute & Chronic Treatment
• Different guidelines, Different thresholds
  • European vs American Guidelines
• Nocturnal Hypertension
  • Indication for evaluation
  • Dippers & non-dippers
• Hypertension treatment
  • Indications for monotherapy & combination therapy
  • Fixed-dose combinations
• Orthostatic & Postprandial Hypotension
  • Diagnosis & Treatment approach
• Resistant Hypertension
  • Diagnostic Approach
  • Treatment

Acute Severe Hypertension

• Terminology & clinical implications:
  • Hypertension crisis
  • Emergent hypertension
  • Urgent hypertension
  • Malignant hypertension
• Appropriate BP-measurement techniques in acute severe hypertension
• Determination of precipitating factors
• Evaluation of patients with acute severe hypertension (including acute target-organ damage)
• Structured approach to the management of acute severe hypertension
• Medications for hypertensive emergencies & recommended doses
• Pace & intensity of BP reduction in symptomatic acute severe HTN
• Appropriate management of severe asymptomatic hypertension
• Definition & appropriate treatment of hypertensive encephalopathy
• Appropriate management of acute severe HTN in acute ischemic stroke
• Appropriate management of acute severe hypertension in acute intracerebral hemorrhage
• Appropriate management of acute severe hypertension in acute cardiovascular events (ACS, AHF & aortic dissection)
• Follow-up of patients with acute severe hypertension

Secondary hypertension

• Indication for evaluation for secondary hypertension
• Suggestive clinical clues
• Common causes
• Renovascular hypertension
  • Diagnosis & Management
• Primary aldosteronism
  • Diagnosis & Management
• Sleep apnea syndrome
  • Diagnosis & Management
• Oral contraceptives and hypertension
  • Treatment approach
• Pheochromocytoma
  • Diagnosis & Management

Hypertension & Pregnancy

• Terminology of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy and their clinical implications:
  • Pre-existing hypertension
  • Gestational hypertension
  • Preeclampsia
  • Pre-existing hypertension plus superimposed gestational hypertension with proteinuria
  • Antenatally unclassifiable hypertension
• Preconception care of patients with chronic hypertension
• Ongoing maternal monitoring of patients with chronic hypertension
• Appropriate BP-measurement techniques in pregnancy
• Evaluation and lab tests in hypertensive disorders in pregnancy
• Preventive measures for hypertension & preeclampsia Role of Aspirin, Calcium, & vitamin supplementations
• Non-pharmacological management of hypertension in pregnancy
• Thresholds for pharmacologic treatment in hypertension in pregnancy
• Treatment of acute severe hypertension in pregnancy
• Pharmacologic management of mild to moderate hypertension in pregnancy
• Indications for termination of pregnancy in hypertensive disorders
• Follow-up of hypertensive disorders in the post-partum period
• Management of hypertension in the lactation period